Wills, the basics

A will is a legal document that says what should happen to your possessions after you die, and who should look after any minor children.

What a will does

  • Names an executor — the person who carries out your wishes.
  • Names beneficiaries — the people or organizations who inherit.
  • Names a guardian for minor children, if applicable.
  • Records any specific gifts (“my grandfather’s watch goes to my niece”).

What a will doesn’t do

  • It doesn’t avoid probate. A will goes through probate.
  • It doesn’t override beneficiary designations on retirement accounts or life insurance — those forms control.
  • It doesn’t take effect while you’re alive. For that, you need a power of attorney and a healthcare directive.

Decisions you’ll need to make

  1. Who is your executor?
  2. Who inherits, and in what shares?
  3. If you have children, who is their guardian?
  4. Are there specific items or amounts you want to leave to particular people?
  5. Do you have charitable gifts in mind?

Once you’ve thought through these, drafting the document itself is the easy part.